Coking hydrocarbon oils



R. EIQWILSON ET' AL COKING HYDBOCARBON OI-LS Filed Nov.26, 1924 atented Dec. 27, l 1927. I

UNITED STATES ROBERT E. 'WILSOINL OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AND HAROLD V,

INDIANA, ASSIGNORS 'IO STANDARD OIL COMPANY, OF

CORPORATION OF INDIANA.

1,654,200 PATENT OFFICE.

ATWELL, F WHITING, WHITING, INDIANA, .a

COKIN G HYDROCARBON OILS.

. Application filed November 26, 1924. Serial No. 752,341.

nent crude or to bottoms of a similar char! acter in the case of other crudes. It Will be fully understood frcmthe following 'delo scription, illustrated by the accompanying drawing', in which apparatus suitable tor carrying out, the invention is shown diagrammatically in section.

Referring more particularly to the 3dravvl@ ing, the numeral 5 indicates a chamber which preferably has a' circular cross-section, for example, ,ot inverted conical form, ter1nihating at its lower end in a substantially cylindrical coke discharge .Well 6. The 2o chamber 5 is substantially surrounded by a jaclret 7 ot' refractory metal or other suitable refractory material, the jaclret being provided vvith a suitable opening 8 for the sup-' ply of a heating medium,` such as the direct 2a llame or combustion gases from the burner 9L @ther heating means may obviously be employed it desired ;V for example, lead'or salt baths, mercury vapor, or the like, or the chamber may be laced in a furnace setting 3 oit' any 4desired also provided tor the out-flow of the heatin medium; in the .apparatus illustrated, the ilue or conduit 10 is shownd for this purpose. 'llhe chamber 5 is provided With a suitable tight coverf1l`a conduit 12 opening through the cover being provided :tor the removal oit vaporsand V.gases from the chamber 5 to any suitable collecting and Acondensing vapparatus (not shovvn).

Means are' provided or the supply and distribution ot the heavy residue or other .fhydrocarbon material Ato be colred Within i the chamber 5. For example, it may be supplied through a rotatable lpipe 13, closed at its lovver end and provided there vvith a tubular projection 1t into which entersy a vertical supporting rod 15 suitably support ed by spiders 15 in the vvell b. 'llhe pipe 13 enters the cover l1 ot the chamber 5 through a suitable tight or packed journal 17. llith- .in the chamber 5 a radially extending distributing pipe 18 is secured tothe rotatable supply 'pipe 1d and counicates therewith.

Vtion of coke takes crm. Suitable i, means are- The distributing pipe 18 is provided with a discharge opening at or near its outeixend, by Which oil is dischargedupon the inner Wall of the chamber 5. The pipe 13, and with 1t the pipe 18, .is rotated by any suit-` able means to eii'eot alsubstantially even distribution oit' oil or residue Within the chamber 5. A suitable scraping means 19 is secured toy the project-ion 14 from the rotatable v supply pipe 18 and rotates therewith, aiding 1n removing from the Walls of the chamber 5'the coke deposited thereon. This coke is discharged into the Well 6, from which it may be removed in any suitable manner.

In the apparatus in Which this process is carried out, it is preferred that the inner Walls of the chamber 5 on which the formaplace be of refractory that is, of nickel or a refractory metal alloy containing at least of nickel, such as Monel metal, and alloys of nickel With cobalt, chromium, iron or other A has been found that such metals, and

nickeliferous metal;

alloys,

ydesignated herein as nickeliferous metals are peculiar iii-that coke deposits do not adhere thereto to any substantial extent, and the removal ot coke therefrom requires but little expenditure of eiort. l

In carrying out the invention, the oil or g residue to be coked, which may be preheated,

if desired, to increase Vitstluidity, is fed through the supply pipe 13 and distributing pipe 18, which are"rotated to secure a substantially uniformi distribution ot the oil over the surface of the chamber 5. The latter is heated to at least 8508]?, and preferably over 9000 F., say to dull or cherry red heat, rlhe oilis .rapidly colred, and is removed readily by the ,scraper 19, which rotates with the pipes 13 andV 18. `"Vaporized products and gases pass out through the co11- duit 12, a vacuum being maintained, if desired, to aid in their removal. 'Colre, collected in the Well-6is discharged by any suitable means., Y

It is readily apparent that the surface upon which the residue is colred may be moved'relative to a stationary distributing device instead ot in the manner hereinbeiore specically set torth. It is not intended that the specific detailsot the apparatus and method set torth are to be regarded as limmetals or mixtures thereof. It

itations upon the scope of the invention, except asset forth in the following claims.

We claim: ,x

1. The method of coking hydorcarbon oils which comprises applying a eokable h drocarbon oil product to va surface of nickeliferous metal, heatingrv the oil product to a. coking temperature on said lsurface and forming coke thereon, thereby formino and driving off volatile products and leaving a coke residue and removing said coke residue.

2. .The method of destructively distilling hydrocarbon oil products which comprises highly heating a surface of nickeliferous metal, distributing a cokable hydrocarbon oil product on said surface and forming coke thereon, thereby forming volatile products and a coke residue, and removing said coke residue.

3. The method of destructively distilling heavy hydrocarbon oils which comprises heating a nickeliferous metal surface to a temperature in excess of 900o F., distributinga cokable hydrocarbon oil product on said surface and forming coke thereon, thereby driving off volatilized products and leaving a coke residue, and removing the coke residue.

4. The method of destructively distilling hydrocarbon oil products, which comprises heating-a heavy cokable hydrocarbon oil material in contact with a surface of nickeliferous metal to a temperature of not less than 900O F., forming coke thereon, removing the volatilized roducts formed, and subsequently separating the coke deposit from the nickeliferous metal surface.

5. The method of destructively distilliug hydrocarbon oil products, which comprises heating a heavy cokable hydrocarbon oil material in contact with Monel metal to a temperature above 900 F., forming coke on said metal, removing the volatilized products formed, and subsequentlyseparating the coke deposit from the Monel metal.

ROBERT E. WILSON. HAROLD V. ATWELL. 

